Chart for foot measurements

2025 foot circumference measurements
Dan 10”
Jack 10.5”
Scot
Claude: 10.75”
Kerrie 9”

10% neg ease circumference
Length: subtract 1/2” on feet 7+” long
1/4” on feet less than 7”.

Head circumference
Dan 23”

https://www.knitgrammer.com/blog/foot-size-chart-for-sock...

https://myjewelthief.typepad.com/myjewelthief_knits/2009/...

As my boys became busier with high school sports and I would need to drive and wait at various practices to get to the next activities, I needed something to focus on and keep busy to calm my impatience. I started knitting’s.
I enjoy the endless discoveries and learning involved with knitting. It appeals to the color, texture, light loving part of my soul. It allows me to reflect and feel connected to previous generations. I love the history and stories behind patterns, designs or hearing about the animal the fleece is from. I’m from a chemistry background and enjoy the problem solving and research for finding a better way or forethought for more professional finishing techniques.
It’s an activity that requires intense mental focus, a hunger for learning, and a willingness to follow instructions meticulously. It engages your brain in a way that is at once low stakes, meditative, and highly productive.

Hiking socks for my three sons and husband.

The three different sock heels are Heel Flap and Gusset, Short Row, and Sweet Tomato Heel.

Taught my middle son to knit and he’s knitting his own Sweet Tomato red and charcoal socks in the fourth picture.

Used worsted wool on size 4needles for increases density of fabric. Gauge 5.8 spi

If using DK yarn: try US 3, 8spi
CO: Child 32, S 40, M 48, L 56, XL 64
If working a 2x1 rib cuff CO 33(39,48,57,63) and adjust count on last rnd ribbing:
Child and L: work rib to last 3 sts, k2tog, p1
S and XL: work rib to last 3 sts, kfb, k1, p1.
HF R1: K2, (sl1, k1) rep across. Turn
R2: (Sl 1, purl)across. Turn.
R3: (Sl1, k1) across. Turn
Rep R2&3 until 1.75(2,2, 2.25, 2.5”)
Heel Turn w DK: R1: Sl1, p8(10,12,14,16), p2tog, p1. Turn.
R2: Sl1, k3, ssk, k1. Turn.
Continue until all heel sts have been worked.
Heel sts # 10(12,14,16,18).
Gusset p/u with RS facing 6(8,8,8,10) along left side.
Knit across instep sts, pm,and pick up same number on right side of heel flap. (38,48,54,60,70 sts total) knit across heel, sts and the new sts along left side of flap, stopping before the instep.
Gusset Decreases alt rounds.
Rnd1: work across instep, sm, k1, ssk, knit across to 3 sts before EOR. K2tog, k1.
Rnd 2 work even.
Rep Rnd1&2 until reach original sock number.
Work foot to sock length minus toe length.
If changing colors, work one rnd even before toe decreases. Work toe decreases alt rows ending after a decrease round until there’s 8(10,12,14,16) sts on each needle. Kitchener graft toe closed.

https://www.masondixonknitting.com/a-dk-weight-sock-recipe/
For 7 y.o. used total 40 st. In DK 6.75” sock circ
For 11 y.o. used total 48 st. 8” sock circ
For mid-teen and adult men’s used total 56 st. for sock circ of 9.5” and gauge 5.8 spi.
https://www.craftyarncouncil.com/standards/foot-size-charts
https://www.goodknitkisses.com/Resources/sock-math-chart-...
https://knitty.com/sizing.php

https://www.10rowsaday.com/lib/sock-size-chart.pdf?fbclid...

Recommended yarn
https://pdf.ravelrycache.com/reenamd/982025/wool_review.p...

WYS Beg Socks Topics
https://www.winwickmum.co.uk/sockalong

Suggested gauge for denser gauge socks
Lt Fingering normal gauge 30-32 / 4” on US 1-1.5
Sock gauge 32-36/4”. on US 0-1
Heavy Fingering. 28/4”. US 2. 30- 32/4” US 1- 1.5
Sport. 25-26/4”. US 2.5-4 28/4”. US 2
DK. 22-24/4” US 4-6. 25-26/4” US 2.5-4
Worsted 20/4” US 7. 22/4”. US 4-6
Aran. 18/4” US 8
Bulky. 14/4”. US 10

Women’s shoe size
US10; Foot Circ 9.75”; Ft length10.5”
`Sock circ 8.75 Sock10” US4: 8. 8.25. 7.25. 8 6: 8.5. 9. 7.5. 8.25 8: 9.25. 9.5. 8.25. 9 Men’s shoe size 6 ft circ 9 ft length 9.5” 8: 9.5. 10” 10: 10.25. 10.75” 12. 10.75. 11.5” Sock Height: women’s/men’s short 6/7 med 7/8 long 8/9” (I like 9.5” height for women’s size 10sock length.)

Foot Circumference and CO st # w US1
and blocked gauge 38 spi
Toddler 4-5” CO 40 sts, HF 1.5”
Child 5-6” CO 48 sts HF 1.75”
Small 7” CO 56 sts HF 2”
Medium 8” CO 64 sts HF 2”
Large 9” CO 72 sts HF 2.25”
X-Large 10” CO 80 sts HF 2.5”

Cuffs
Favorite cuff ribbing: 3x1 and 2x1
If using 2x1 rib, CO 39(48,57,63,72,81) and adj before leg.
Twisted 1x1 rib
Folded cuff: With Contrast yarn CO and knit 9 rounds.
Change to main color and knit nine more rounds.
Fold contrast to inside and hold so cast-on edge lines up with the live sts.
Pick up first cast-on st and place on LN. Knit it together with first live stitch. Continue around.

Cuff+ leg length:
Shorty socks 1-2”
Toddler 3-4”
Kids and adult mid calf 4-6”
Adult tall 7”

If using short circular work the heel sts with 2 dpn and let other half sts hang out on the circular.
Heel Flap: R1 (RS): K2 (sl1, k1) across. Turn.
R2 (WS): Sl1, purl to end. Turn.
R3: (S1, k1) across. Turn.
Repeat R2&3 to length. End after R3.
Can adjust HF. If finished sock is too tight across top of foot, next time knit couple more rows of HF. If there’s too much fabric around ankle, knit couple fewer rows in HF.
Heel Turn- flat fabric becomes a knitted bowl to cradle your heel.
R1 (WS): Sl1, purl 10 (12, 14, 16, 18, 20), p2tog, p1. Turn.
R2 (RS): Sl1, k3, ssk, k1. Turn.
Repeat R1&2 purl or knit up to one st before the gap, p2tog or ssk, p1 or k1. Turn. Continue until all heel sts are worked and end on RS row. 12 (14,16, 18, 20, 22) sts rem.
Gusset- extra fabric on either side of heel to give foot the room it needs in that area. Gusset decreases create neat little triangles at your ankle.
With RS facing, p/u 8(10, 12, 14, 16, 18) sts along left side of heel flap. Work across instep PM and p/u same number on other side of flap. Knit across heel sts and knit down the new sts that were picked up on the left side of flap, PM for end of round. 48(58,68,78,88,98) sts.
Gusset Decreases:
Round1: K20(24,28,32,36,40), sm, k1, ssk, knit around until 3 sts before EOR. K2tog, k1, sm.
Round2: Work even.
Rep Rnd1&2 until 40(48,56,64,72,80) sts.
Foot- smooth sailing knitting rounds Stockinette until it reaches tip of pinky toe.
CYC Sock Length Chart from back of heel to tip of toe.
Toddler 4.5-6”
Child6-7.5”
Women’s 4-6.5 is 8-9”
Women’s 7-9.5 is 9.25-10”
Women’s 10-12.5 is 10.25-11”
Men’s 6-8.5 is 9.25-10”
Men’s 9-11.5 is 10.25-11”
Men’s 12-14 is 11.25-12”

Toe Length:
Toddler 1”
Child: 1.25”
S, M, L: 1.5”
XL is 1.75”

Toe Decreases
If making contrast toes, knit one round in new color before starting toe decreases.
Round 1: K1, ssk, k14(18,22,26,30,34) k2tog, k1, pm, k1, ssk, k14(18,22,26,30,34) k2tog, k1.
Round 2: Knit even.
Round 3: K1, ssk, knit across until 3 sts before m, k2tog, k1, sm, k1, ssk, knit until 3 sts before EOR m, k2tog, k1.
Rep rounds2&3 until 16(20,24,28,32,36) rem, ending after a decrease round.
Kitchener Graft Toe but skip the set up steps of Kitchener when making socks to avoid the points on either end of the toes.

Toe-up JBMCO 8(10,12,14, 16, 18) sts on each needle.
R1: K1, kfb, knit across to last 2 sts, kfb, k1. Rep for N2.
R2: knit even.
Rep R1&2 to 20(24,28,32,36, 40) sts on each needle.

Toe-up Fleegle Heel: work toe and foot to reach bend in top of ankle where leg meets foot. Or take total sock length from chart minus heel length.
Toddler 4.5-6” minus heel 1.25”
Child Heel: 6-7.5” minus heel 1.75”
Small, Medium, Lg Heel 2”
X-Large 2.5”
Feegle Heel is worked in the round during the increases instead of just back and forth on heel sts.
When sock reaches bend at ankle, start gusset increases every other round.
Round 1: Knit instep sts, k1, M1R, knit across heel sts until last sts rem, M1L, k1.
Round 2: Knit even.
Rep Rnd1&2 until 38(46,54,62,70,78) heel sts on Ndl2.
Work across instep on Ndl1. Now we’ll set aside instep sts and work back and forth on heel sts.
RS: K20(24,28,32,36,40), k2tog, k1, turn.
WS: Sl1, p3, p2tog, p1, turn
RS: Sl1, k4, k2tog, k1, turn.
Continue est pat, stopping 1 st bef gap and work p2tog or k2tog, p1, or k1, turn. (I prefer to use ssk instead of k2tog to mirror the decreases). Continue until you have one decrease left, work instep on Ndl1, then work that last decrease.

Reference Tables for Socks http://kateatherley.com/resources-for-knitters/
https://www.interweave.com/article/knitting/how-a-sock-is...

Measuring foot for socks
https://youtu.be/LKwm3yJON7I

How to choose the type of sock heel:
https://www.alpacadirect.com/blogs/alpaca-direct-blog/how...

Do your socks need customization? (from knit socks plain and simple):
http://wynnknit.com/documents/Yarnover%20Toe%20Up%20Short...

Summary and when to start the heel
https://youtu.be/IYDzY-DEiQY

Summary w one garter st ridge before Zimmermann Sewn Bindoff. https://pdf.ravelrycache.com/Charisa/146548/Lifestyle_Toe...

https://freevintageknitting.com/socks/no308-socks-pattern...

Adjusting Helical Method Stripes for socks if working with 1 row for stripes or for alternating kettle dye variance yarn: https://grumperina.com/knitblog/archives/2008/04/as_you_w...

Different CastOns
Long Tail, Ribbed Alternating Cable, and Tubular https://brooklyntweed.com/pages/casting-on

Double Point Needles
https://www.purlsoho.com/create/double-pointed-needles/
https://pdf.ravelrycache.com/Martheme/35406/Men_s_Basic_S...

Knitted two at a time on magic loop:
https://youtu.be/EXEt5YHMgNU
Judy Becker’s magic cast on for toe up.
https://youtu.be/j5MaMEfAlew
Either:CastOn 16 sts and increase every round half increases and every other round next half of increases.
Or: CastOn 1/3 of total sock sts and increase every other round.
Long Tail Tubular Cast On in the Round
https://youtu.be/s767CqB1f0w
Rounded toe: I started with 74sts and decreased each side every second row 6 times, then every row five times, then finished with sssk and k3tog either side before grafting. 52sts decreased, leaving a 22sts for an 11st (either side) kitchener graft.
Toe increases M1L & R; yo and on next round slip to knitwise, place back on left needle and knit to twist it like Zimmerman left and right loop twists; Knit front and back” instead (though I offset the second one so the purl bumps are between the second and third stitch

Old Norwegian/ Twisted German elastic cast on for cuff down.
https://youtu.be/tLGWXtxEF8w

Heel Flap and Gusset
First sock ever (lower left w red trim) traditional heel flap and gusset as shown in this video but did it Two at a Time on long cabled needles.
https://youtu.be/dQW1cLPEUGE
Heel flap tutorial with percentages
http://www.maiaspins.typepad.com/maiaspins/2007/05/toeup_...

https://www.moderndailyknitting.com/socks-whats-all-the-f...
https://www.moderndailyknitting.com/techniques-depth-pick...
Toe-up Flap and gusset
https://www.moderndailyknitting.com/flap-gusset-heel-reci...

My very first knit project was sock w heel flap. This is great tutorial adaptable to any sock pattern:
https://youtu.be/dQW1cLPEUGE

Heel sts = 50% of sock sts
Heel rows = Heel sts x 0.8
Gusset sts = (0.50 x Heel Rows) + 2
Total sts after gusset pick up:
Instep sts + (Heel Base + 2) + both sets of gusset sts
Men size 11-13 has sock circ of 9.5”; 9spi; gusset 19 sts
Heel flap 34 rows; sock sts 86;
Yarn required: ankle length 334 yds; calf length 575 yds
Women’s siz 10 sock 8.75” ; 9 spi; gusset 18 sts per side
Heel flap 32 rows; sock sts 76.
Yarn required: ankle length 280 yds; calf 475 yds
Yarn required for 8” sock circ women’s size 10 and 9 spi is 425 yds.
My actual foot is 8.75” circ and ankle is 9” so sock sts 72.

Avoid Holes When Picking-up Gusset Sts
http://kateatherley.com/2010/01/12/on-picking-up-gusset-s...
Avoid holes with short row heels by Kate Atherley:
http://knitty.com/ISSUEfall08/FEATsocks102.html

Gusset Pickup on Heel Flap boardered by garter st to avoid holes (Charlene Schurch’s Method)
Roxanne showing Charlene Scurch’s Method:
https://youtu.be/rUxh_weue0w
https://youtu.be/xWne5ZKzvXo
Eye of Partridge Heel Flap w garter edge and Charlene Schurch’s method of picking up gusset sts:
https://knittingintherockies.wordpress.com/2015/02/13/mir...
https://youtu.be/qqmHZ6pY9Bw

Short Row Heels
Afterthought Heel for 10.25” length of foot length (size 42)
would start at 7.75” from toe. This is calculated by:
Negative ease for length of adult sock is 1/2” lees that actual foot length
(Negative ease for length of a child’s sock is 1/4”)
The short row heel is about 2” from apex
10.25” - 1/2” - 2” = 7.75”

Short row heel will result in 8” sock circ x 1.2= 9.6” diagonal but my measured diagonal 12.5” x 0.80 neg ease needs 10” diagonal. So 0.4” needs be be added to the diagonal; w my gauge of 9 spi, I need 4 more sts at diagonal. This can be increased in step 2 sts every other row or increased at either end of heel sts every other row forming a gusset before the short row heel, then decreased every other row before continuing w foot.
2. Or the 4 extra sts can be increased as 2 sts every other row and knit short row heel with original 50% of leg sts.
3.Or Crescent shaped 3 row mini gussets
https://knotions.com/issues/sock/article-sock/short-row-h...
http://knitbettersocks.blogspot.com/2011/12/improving-aft...
4. Or Mina’s 8 row mini heel flap above short row heel
https://s3.amazonaws.com/library.ravelry.com/MinaPhilipp/...

https://www.moderndailyknitting.com/sock-skills-tweaking-...

After the final short row all 36 sts on the heel needle have double wraps. One stitch was moved from either end of the instep stitches to be wrapped on the final knit and purl passes (after the last double-wrapped stitches were knit), then moved back to the instep needle. These single wraps were picked up on the first round after knitting in the round was resumed. This seems to smooth out the transition from short rows back to knitting in the round.https://youtu.be/ZahZE4GREr0

Different heels w photos and links
https://www.alpacadirect.com/blogs/alpaca-direct-blog/how...

Kate Atherley Dutch Band Heel and how to add small gusset to short row heels:
http://knitty.com/ISSUEfall08/FEATsocks102.html
https://knotions.com/issues/sock/article-sock/short-row-h...
Comparing Dutch vs Round Heel Turns
Use Round Heel for high instep
Use Dutch heel for flat feet that also don’t have high instep (some flat feet have high instep due to surgery of swelling)
Also use Dutch Heel in Cuff Down socks to reduce sts another 0.75” inch compared to round heel turn. If ankles are 1-2” larger than foot circ, an inch can be reduced after knitting leg, divide sts by 50% leg sts and reduce to 50% of foot sts in first row before starting heel. Then using the Dutch heel turn to have smaller gusset circ.
Round Heel starts 3 sts boast center before turn (narrower heel base) but reduces heel sts by half which is less reduction than Dutch resulting in about 0.75” more circ after heel turn for high instep. The Dutch heel turn begins by dividing heel sts into thirds and knitting across 2/3 of the sts before turning. Heel Base is center third. The Dutch heel turn reduces 2/3 of the heel sts —more stitches than the Round Heel therefore the circumference after heel turn is about 0.75” smaller and will fit flat feet better.

Comparing Dutch (square) and French (tapered Heel cup)
from 19 century Weldon’s socks updated in Nancy Bush’s Vintage Socks to Knit book https://www.interweave.com/article/needlework/french-heel...

Adding Gussets to Afterthought Heel
http://knitbettersocks.blogspot.com/2011/12/improving-aft...

Start any short row heel 2” shorter than length.

Calculate Heel Base to custom fit Heel Diagonal
https://youtu.be/ah9wAEeFiyE

Compare sock circumference to sock diagonal
https://youtu.be/plGnKf8wcUk
Foot diagonal is 12.5” x 0.80 = 10” target sock diagonal
SockCirc of 7.5 x 1.2 = 9”

W&T Short row heel without holes:
https://youtu.be/ZahZE4GREr0

Japanese Short Row Heel:
https://youtu.be/NzzVNQ7SGbc
https://www.thechillydog.com/2016/11/knitting-tutorial-ja...

Comparing Short Row Techniques: w&t and twin st both carry working yarn across neighboring st in back. German short rows and Japanese short rows produce exact same end result of how the yarn traveled.
https://youtu.be/yYk6BUeSgBA

German Short Row Heel https://youtu.be/zcHQ9-BEmOM
3 versions of German Short Row Heels
https://youtu.be/zywKS3jj0rg
https://youtu.be/Ex_4oc7ZyLQ
German Short Row Heel Pattern has the 2 rows stockinette midway through heel to avoid the problem of DS being stacked but this approach makes the 2 rows stockinette contained just on the heel sts instead of having to knit two rows across the instep. This would be an especially good technique if using a contrast heel and you didn’t want two rows of contrast color across the instep.

Stop at end of round, drop MC. Move to beg
of needle 2 and with CC work the heel as follows:
Move 1 st from ea end of needle 1 to needle 2. Starting at needle 2 with CC, work German Short Row Heel.

Row 1 (RS): Knit until 1 st rem at end of needle, placing two markers to sep heel sts into thirds. Turn.

Row 2 (WS): WYIF sl 1 st to right needle purlwise (all slipped stitches in this heel pattern will be slipped purlwise), pull the working yarn over the top of the right needle, pulling the slipped stitch up, creating a DS, purl until 1 st rem at end of needle, turn,

Row 3: WYIF sl 1 st to right needle, pull the working yarn over the top of the right needle, pulling the slipped stitch up, creating a DS, knit to the 1st DS, turn,

Row 4: WYIF sl 1 st to right needle, pull the working yarn over the top of the right needle, pulling the slipped stitch up, creating a DS, purl to the 1st DS, turn,

Continue working rows 3 and 4 until there are 11 center sts between the DSs, turn,

Row 1 (RS): WYIF, sl 1 st to right needle, create DS, knit to first DS, pm, knit the DS as one st, continue across working DSs as one st until 1 st rem, k1, turn,

Row 2 (WS): WYIF, p until first DS, pm, purl each DS together as 1 st until 1 st rem, p1, turn,

Row 3: WYIF, create DS, knit to second marker, drop m, k1, turn,

Row 4: DS, p to first m, drop m, p1, turn,

Row 5: DS, k to first DS, k DS, k1, turn,

Row 6: DS, p to first DS, p DS, p1, turn,

Repeat rows 5 & 6 until 1 DS remains at end of row 6, turn
DS, work to the end of the row, drop and break the contrast color yarn. There will be 2 DSs at right side of needle 2. With MC, starting at needle 1, work across needles 1 & 2 (first 2 sts on needle 2 will be DSs, k each one as 1 st) until 1 st rem on needle 2, move 1 st from ea end of needle 2 to needle 1.

GSR in MC allows you to knit the two rows across instep halfway through short rows so heel isn’t two rows longer for less of a gap. Working back and forth on heel sts,
Knit RS heel sts placing markers to sep heel sts into thirds.Turn. Start making DS from outside edges.
WS: yarn in front, slip st pw, lift to make DS purl across to end. Turn. RS: yarn in front, slip st pw, DS knit across to DS but don’t work it. Turn. Continue until all DS on outside of makers and knit sts btn markers. Knit across center heel sts, knit DS, knit instep, knit DS, knit center heel, and outer third heel sts, knit instep. Now we just work back and forth on heel sts. Knit outer third and center third heel sts until reach second marker. Remove marker, k1. Turn. Make DS, purl across center heel sts to marker, remove marker p1. Turn. Make DS, knit across center sts and knit the DS, k1, turn. Make DS purl across center sts, purl tog the DS, p1, turn, make DS. Continue until all sts used up either end working DS as you come to them.

If doing w&t, One stitch was moved from either end of the instep stitches to be wrapped on the final knit and purl passes (after the last double-wrapped stitches were knit), then moved back to the instep needle. These single wraps were picked up on the first round after knitting in the round was resumed. This seems to smooth out the transition from short rows back to knitting in the round.

To avoid holes caused by the short row heel being two rows taller than the instep, start knitting across instep when you still have a double stitch or wrap at each end of heel.
When you have worked the last st in the instep, use the left needle tip to lift the left leg of the st 2 rows below the st just worked and place this lifted leg onto the left needle tip, in front of the back of heel sts. Then knit this lifted leg together w the first of the heel sts as K2tog. Work across to 1 st before end of heel sts, then slip this last st knitwise to the right needle. Use the right needle tip to lift the right leg of the st directly below the nest st on the left needle which is the first st of the instep. Insert tip of the left needle into these 2 sts and knit them together through the back loops as for an SSK decrease.
Pick up grandmother stitch and K2tog at the right of heel sts and SSK w lifted st at left end of heel:
http://fleeglesblog.blogspot.com/2007/09/no-sock-holes-fo...

Afterthought Short Row w Gusset:
I have made a sock in the past that was knit cuff down with an afterthought heel that still included a gusset - the waste stitches were added in 3 rows where the middle one included increases. I’ve found a pattern that works the same way when working toe up, but it was written for sport weight yarn.

Afterthought Heel
After cuff and leg reach desired length, place a stitch marker in middle of heel sts or knit across heel sts with scrap yarn. Then continue with foot and toe. Heel and toe length will be the same. Knit foot to desired foot length minus the 1.75” heel and 1.75” toe.
Start heel. Lay sock flat with heel sts facing up. P/u right leg of heel sts on row above and below stitch maker and move sts onto the cables. Snip the middle of the row with stitch marker and tease yarn to either end. You’ll have two yarn tails to weave in and close any gaps.
Start new yarn and work three rounds even before starting decreases. Decrease every other row until edges meet over your heel when trying sock on. Kitchener close. If sock is tight across top of foot work more even rows before starting decreases.

Sweet Tomato Heels regular and padded versions
Sweet Tomato Heel regular (in orange)
https://youtu.be/EWpRABD7UWw

Padded version of Sweet Tomato Heel in white and slate heels
https://youtu.be/lgBUadTQR8k
http://knitbettersocks.blogspot.com/2013/07/sweet-tomato-...

German Short Row Heelhttps://youtu.be/Ex_4oc7ZyLQ

German Band Heel Flaphttp://knitty.com/ISSUEfall08/FEATsocks102.html

Fleegle Heel:https://youtu.be/qMrGhzUp6LE
Different Heels from Around the World
https://curlsandq.wordpress.com/sock-heel-patterns-glossary/

Photo comparison of different heels
https://www.alpacadirect.com/blogs/alpaca-direct-blog/how...

TAAT w Fleegle Heel
https://youtu.be/idjKaBwJzD0

Strong heel (faux gusset)
https://www.theknittingsquirrel.com/heather-socks-featuri...

http://puritantherapy.blogspot.com/2013/08/who-needs-patt...

Correlated ribbing need to CastOn same number of stitches as main body of sock; whereas ribbing that is stretchy, you’d need to CastOn fewer stitches then increase on first row after ribbing. For example: if using 2x2 ribbing: CastOn 72 sts in fingering using purl CastOn or in German Twisted CastOn. Then purl one row then knit ribbing. Increase stitch count to 80 sts tbefore beginning the leg. If using correlated ribbing, CastOn the 80 sts (or same stitch count as for leg).

Typical CastOn for large women’s 72sts
Typical CastOn for men’s socks 80 sts in fingering
Typical CastOn for mitts 72 sts in fingering

2x2 ribbing, 3x1 ribbing, and 3x1 ribbing w a central slip stitch in its design.
Seed Rib: Odd rows:k7, p1, Even Rows all knit.

Jogless stripes:Join in the new colour and knit the first round as normal in the new colour.
When you come to the first stitch in the new colour at the start of the round after that, slip it rather than knitting it. That just smooths things out a bit. Simple, and pretty effective. Hope that helps!

Bind Offs
Invisible ribbed bindoffs
https://crankygrrrrrl.wordpress.com/2007/01/15/k1p1-invis...

Russian Bind-off:
https://youtu.be/BJjm3PWGT2M

Stretchy Picot Bindoff
https://knitpurlhunter.com/blog/stretchy-picot-bind-off/

To lengthen/shorten middle of knitting:
http://techknitting.blogspot.co.uk/2008/01/length-reassig...
http://chicknits.com/rambles/?p=16612

Yarn yardage per 50g:
https://www.thecraftyjackalope.com/pages/standard-yarn-we...

I liked the garter stitch boarder on the heel flap.

https://youtu.be/IovIZUyKLgo

Kitchener Graft
Kitchener modified for smoother corners of sock
https://youtu.be/eFHXnvfmoBE
http://www.louisetilbrookdesigns.net/blog/2017/3/7/never-…
https://www.masondixonknitting.com/techniques-depth-socks...

Rox’s Alternative Finchley Graft for Closing Toes (smooth corners)
https://youtu.be/h3sD_RU720c

To remember Kitchener St:
https://youtu.be/nkW3kP7RZdk
Tensioning Kitchener,:
http://www.knitty.com/ISSUEsummer04/FEATtheresasum04.html

Different toe closures including Barn Toe
https://www.interweave.com/article/knitting/socktoberfest...

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Rounded Toe w Staggered Decrease Columns over 26 rows
have adapted it from something I found on Ravelry years ago. I just modified it to have extra PLAIN rounds in the beginning as Rox explained in her toe video.
The total # of rows is 26. I love the staggered decreases by alternating the deacreases 1 from the edge to 4 from the edge.

Toe
K1 Dec
K 3 rounds
K3 Dec
K 2 rounds
k1 dec
k 2 rounds
k3 dec
k 1 round
k1 dec
k 1 round
k3 dec
k 1 round
k1 dec
k 1 round
k3 dec
k1 dec
k3 dec
k1 dec
k3 dec
k1 dec
k3 dec
k1 dec
graft 8 sts from each needle

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Leg patterns:
Row 1 k2 p2
Row2 knit across

Good for tonal yarn shown in photo, yellow sock after 3” 2x1 cuff in two colors, 1.5” each cuff color and texture pat for total cuff and leg length of 4.5”.
Row1: K1, P1 around.
Row2: Knit around.
Row3: P1,k1 around.
Row 4: Knit around.

Baby cable Rib

R Twist: K2tog but leave on left needle and knit 1st st again before removing the old stitches
L Twist: slip each stitch individually knitwise and then replace them on the left needle, before knitting the second through the back loop and then both together through the back loops.

Cuff Ribbing: Comparing stretch between single and double ribbed:
https://tkga.org/wp-content/uploads/issue_archives/2015/S...

Different calculation approaches to sock length

1. Sock length = foot length - length of toes
2. In the formula I gave, the ribbing rows were 25% of the st count and the leg (after the ribbing) was 100% of the stitch count.

Most patterns don’t tell you to work a specific number of rounds for the leg, they’ll tell you to work the leg until it’s 6 or 6 1/2’’ long or to desired length (or for a specific number of pattern repeats, which will end up about 6 or 6 1/2’’ long).

Antique stocking patterns used this formula for knitting length based on stitch count in several ways. First, after knitting several inches of ribbing for the top of the stocking (which was thigh high), they’d have you knit as many rounds as you had stitches, then they’d have a section of decreases until you got to the “ankle” (which is the length of a modern mid-calf sock) and they’d have you knit again the number of rounds equivalent to the current stitch count. The way stockinette gauge works is that the sts are wider than the rows are long, so for every 3 sts in width, you get an equivalent 4 rows in length. So if you work as many rows as you have sts, you get something that is 3/4 as long as the item is in width/circumference, which is more or less how these different body parts are proportioned for the “average” person.

Another good beginner sock pattern w garter edged heel flap: https://www.winwickmum.co.uk/2014/05/basic-sock-pattern-a...

JBMC
Hold two needle tips in RH, parallel and tips pointing to the left.
Start with your yarn, leaving a tail about 10”Lay yarn over top of upper needle with tail forward and the tail towards the back. Then bring the working yarn to the bottoms and the tail to the top so they make a little twist on the back of that first cast on stitch.

With your LH, Hold yarns in slingshot position but the tail is over the index finger.
You’re going to pick up the first stitch on the Bottom needle from the Top thread by swinging the tips up towards and past the upper thread and bring the yarn under and down between the two needles. You’ve got one stitch on top and one on bottom.
Now pick up the next st on the top needle by picking up the bottom thread. Swing the tips down towards the bottom thread, bring the thread up between the two needles over the top, bring the needles back up.
Put the next st on the bottom needle. Bring the yarn over the top and down between the needles. Now you have two sts on each needle.
Put a st on top needle with bottom thread up between the two needles and over the top.
Then top thread around and down between the two needles. Now 2&2.
This last st is not secure and will come undone if we don’t do something with it. So bring the tail over the top of the working yarn and hold the tail in place with RH. Turn the needles so you can knit by swinging the tips towards the ceiling and both tips pointing to the right.
With tail over the working yarn, pull the bottom needle through so those sts are on the cable and knit across the sts on the upper needle. Then pull top needle through so those just worked sts are on the cable. Turn the work. Pull the other needle into position so the sts are on the shaft of the needle and the other sts are hanging on the cable and knit across those sts. Now you have the first round completed.

Striped Scrappy Socks
Yardage Natural: 28(32,36,40,44,48) y
Scrap yarn total: 139(161,186,208,236,277)
Cuff 2x1 rib for 3/4”.
Leg work each stripe for 5 rnds.
Leg and cuff 4” place marker for afterthought heel and continue with stripes.
Work toe afterthought heel and cuffs in cream. Work each stripe 5 rows.

French Breton Stripe
MC: 41(64,96,128,151,183)y sky blue
CC: 55(63,72,80,89,97)y dark blue
MC 2x1 rib for 3/4”.
Then continue w MC for 5 rnds Stockinette.
Start pat of CC for 3 rnd; MC 9 rnds.
Cuff and leg measure 3.5” ending after 3 rnds MC.
Heel Flap continue with MC

Weave in ends as you go: when 9 sts are left of old color, lay new color across top of old with tail to the right and k1 with old color trapping the new. Now hold new color in LH and when knitting next st flick new color over top of needle to trap it as you k1, then k1, then k1 flicking new color on top of needle. Continue to EOR. Now weave in old yarn, move new yarn to RH and tension old yarn tail in LH and trap the yarn on every other stitch. Trim2”
When sock is done, turn inside out and tighten by pulling each pair of tails at the same time outward gently and trim.
Carry up yarn by catching yarn every 3-4 rounds.
Avoid jog by lift right leg of stitch below the first st of round up to LN and knit together with first st. Or change colors knit full round to BOR marker, remove maker, k1, pm. (This moves marker one st to left with each color change.)

SlipSt Striped Socks
Yardage MC 91(105,128, 140, 166,189) y red
Yardage CC 72(83,97, 112, 129,142)y pink
R1-3: CC: (K3, sl 1) to end
R4 CC: Knit to end.
R5-7: MC (K3, sl1) to end.
R8: MC: Knit to end.
Cuff MC 1” 2x1 rib and work one round knit before switching to CC and SlSt pattern. After cuff and leg meas 4”, End on R6.
Heel flap in MC and cont MC for HeelTurn &Gusset p/u.
Resume stripe pat starting with CC.

Color Fade Socks
Choose 5 speckled yarn close in color and arrange lightest to darkest.
Yardage 198(221, 242, 264, 289, 318)
CuffA CO39(48, 57, 63, 72, 81) 2x1 rib 3/4” adj st counts. Work 0.75” cuff.
Leg continue working 1/2”, (1/2, 1, 1, 1, 1”) in Stockinette with lightest colorA. Then Blend B. Work 1/2(1”) then blend into colorC. Work 3 rnds colorC then start Heel flap.
Blend fade: knit few rnds in new, 1 rnd old,
1 rnd new, 2 old, 1 new, 1 old, 2 new, 2 old, 1 new, 1 old. Cut old color and continue one with new another 1/2”(1”).
When we mix up the single and double rnds, our brains are tricks into not seeing stripes but a fade.
Color fade recipe for different sizes:
Work toddler and child socks 0.5” btn each fade area and work S,M,L,XL for 1” btn each fade area. Work colors ABC. After starting Color C, work 3 rnds and then start heel. Work heel flap and gusset. Blend in Color D when you have three more gusset decreases left. Blend in last ColorE about 1” before Toe decreases.

Reg DK yardage: 178(199,221,245,268)yds.
US3 Gauge 24 sts/ 3.25”
5-6(7,8,9,10)
CO 32(40,48,56,64)
Work Cuff and leg to 5”
Heel Flap K2(sl1,k1) across.
R1: Sl1, purl across.
R2: (Sl1, k1) across.
Rep to 1.75(2,2,2.25, 2.5”), ending after R2.
HeelTurn WS: Sl1, p8(10,12,14,16), p2tog, p1. Turn.
RS: Sl1, k3, ssk,k1. Turn.
Cont until all heel sts worked, ending in RS row. 10(12,14,16,18) heel sts rem.
With RS facing, p/u and k6(8,8,8,10). Work across instep, pm and p/u and knit other side. Knit across heel sts then knit down the first set of new sts you picked up on left side of flap. This is the EOR. 38(48,54,60,70).
Gusset Decr. Knit across instep, sm, k1, ssk, knit across to last 3 sts, k2tog, k1. EOR. Work evenly on alt rnds. Rep until orig sts number: 32(40,48,56,64)
Work until it reaches tip of pinky toe. Toe decr on alternate rnds until 16(20,24,28,32) ending on decr rnd.
Graft. Toe length: 1.25(1.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.75”)

Mohair Blend Socks: hold lace mohair with fingering wt to create DK wt yarn
Yardage: 148( 161,180,202,224) yds of each mohair and fingering. Gauge is 28 sts/3.75”.

Reg DK single strand yardage: 178(199,221,245,268)yds.
Sock yarn yardage: 109(135,163,192,212,244) yds if making shorter 3” length for both cuff and leg (cuff3/4”).
US1 gauge 9.5 spi.

Lace Patterns circumference 7(8,9,10) US1 9.5spi
These lace patterns work well with solid, tonal and lightly speckled yarn.
Arrow Lace Sock
Yardage 136(160, 189, 217)y
CO 54(66,72,80) single rib 3/4”.
Work 2 rnds Stockinette before beg lace. Work 4 rep of 9-row lace but end on row 7 before Heel F&G.

R1: K4(5,4,4), yo, ssk k7(9,7,8) yo, ssk 5(4,6,6) times, k3(9,7,8). For M, L,XL: Yo, ssk, k4(3,4).
R2&4: Knit.
R3: K2(3,2,2) k2tog, yo, k1, yo, ssk k4(6,4,5) k2tog, yo, k1, yo, ssk 4(4,6,6) times, k4(6,4,5), k2tog, yo, k1, yo, ssk, k2(3,2,3).
R5: K1(2,1,1), k2tog, yo, k3, yo ssk, K2(4,2,3), k2tog, yo, k3, yo, ssk 4(4,6,6) times, k2(4,2,3, k2tog, yo, k3, yo, ssk, k1(2,1,2).
R6, 7, 8 & 9: Knit.
Do 4 rep of the 9R lace pat.
Adj st count to 56(64) on the S(M) sizes before working heel.
Continue lace pat on instep and Stockinette on sole.

Double Lace Column at Sides
Yardage 212(240, 269, 292)y
Lace Panel (5sts)
R1: K1 tbl, yo, sl2sts tog kw, k1 psso, yo, k1 tbl.
R2: K1 tbl, p3, k1 tbl.
R3&4: K1 tbl, k3, k1 tbl.
CO 56(64,72,80) twisted rib 1”. Work cuff and leg to 4”
Leg Set-up: P1 tbl, k1 tbl, k3, k1 tbl, p1 tbl, k15(19,23,27) p1 tbl, k1 tbl, k3, k1 tbl, p1, tbl, k1 tbl, k3, k1 tbl, p1 tbl, k15(19,23,27), p1 tbl, k1 tbl, k3, k1 tbl.
Leg: P1 tbl, lace panel, p1 tbl, k15(19,23,27) p1 tbl, lace panel, p1 tbl lace panel, k15(19,23,27) p1 tbl, lace panel.

Middle Earth Scrolling Leaf: includes lace chart in photo
Yardage 167(198, M(L):224(258) 284y
CO 64(72) 2x1 ribbing and increase 3/4”
Leaf Lace (21 sts)
R1: P1, k5, k2tog, yo, k1, yo, k3, yo, k1, yo, k2, skp, k1, p1. (21 sts)
R2: P1, k4, k2tog, k11, skp, p1. (19 sts)
R3: P1, k3, k2tog, k1, yo, k1, yo, k10, p1. (20 sts)
R4: P1, k2, k2tog, k14, p1. (19 sts)
R5: P1, k1, k2tog, k2, yo, k1 yo, k3, yo, k1, yo, skp, k5, p1. (21 sts)
R6: P1, k2tog, k11, skp, k4, p1. (19 sts)
R7: P1, k10, yo, k1, yo, k1, skp, k3, p1. (20 sts)
R8: P1, k14, skp, k2, p1. (19 sts)
CO 48( 57, 63, 72, 81) 2x1 rib 3/4”.
Adj st # to 48(56,64,72,80)
Leg: K1(3,5,7) work 21-st leaf pat over instep and knit back to EOR
Work until leg measures 3.5” (4rep of 8-rnd pat). End on an even round of pat before starting heel.

Mock Cable and Andalusia Texture Sock
Yardage 149(166, 169, 192, 212,235)y
Cuff CO 40(48,56,64,72,80).
Set-up after cast-on:
P1, k3, p1, k2, p2 2(3,4,5,6,7) times, k2, p1, k3, p2, k2, p2 4(5,6,7,8,9) times, k2, p1.
R1: P1, sl1, k2, psso, p1, k2, p2 2(3,4,5,6,7) times, k2, p1, sl1, k2tog, psso, p2, k2,p2 4(5,6,7,8,9) times, k2, p1.
R2: P1, k1, yo, k1, p1, k2p2 2(3,4,5,6,7) times, k2, p1, k1, yo, k1, p2, k2p2 4(5,6,7,8,9) times, k2, p1.
R3&4: Same as Set-up Round.
Rep R1-4 3(4,6,6,6,6) more times.
Leg Instep N1, Heel N2
R1: P1, sl1 k2tog, psso, p1, k10(14,18,22,26,30),p1, sl1, k2tog, psso, p1, k20(24,28,32,36,40).
R2: P1, k1, yo, k1, p1…..same as above subbing k1, yo, k1
R3: P1, k3, p1……..same as above subbing k3
R4: P1, k3, p1, k1,p1 5(7,9,11,13,15) times, p1, k3, p1, k20(24,38,32,36,40).
Continue until leg measures 3”, stopping on any rnd.

Chevron Texture Sock with Cuff Stripes
Yardage 219(248, 276, 302) in natural
Yardage for cuff CC: 10(14, 18, 22)yellow
CO 57, (63, 72, 81). 2x1 ribbing through out sock
Cuff work 6 rnds cc, 6 rnds, mc, 6 rnds cc.
On last rnd ribbing adjust st count to 56(64,72,80), using k2tog, k1 on last three sts S and XL and kfb, k1, p1, on last three sts of M size.
Leg: Rep all 7(8,9,10) round of chevron pat until cuff and leg measure 4.5” ending on any rnd.
Chevron Pattern
R1: Sl1, k5(6,7,8), p1, sl1, p1, k5(6,7,8) 4 times.
R2: K5(6,7,8), p2, k1, p2, k4(5,6,7) 4 times.
R3: Sl1, k3(4,5,6), p2, k1, sl1, k1, p2, k3(4,5,6,7) 4 times.
R4: K3(4,5,6), p2, k5, p2, k2(3,4,5) 4 times.
R5: Sl1, k1(2,3,4), p2, k3, sl1, k3, p2, k1(2,3,4) 4 times.
R6: K1(2,3,4), p2, k9, p2, k0(1,2,3) 4 times.
R7: Sl1, k0(0,1,2), p1(2,2,2), k5, sl1, k5, p1(2,2,2), k0(0, 1,2) 4 times.
Small size: rep R1-7.
For M(L, XL)
R8: K1(1,2) p1(2,2),k13, p1(2,2), k0(1,1) 4 times.
For L(XL): R9: Sl1, p1(2), k7, sl1, k7, p1(2) 4 times.
For XL R10: K1, p1, k17, p1 4 times.
Work 7(8,9,10)-round rep until leg measures 4.5”. Neater looking if finish on last round for your size.

Texture Sock with Cuff Colorblock Cuff
Yellow MC: 83(102,121,144,168,189)
CuffCC1&2 each: 16(21,27, 36,42,51) slate&Coral
ToeCC3&HeelCC4 each: 10(12,14,16,18,20) y pink&rust
CuffC1: CO 39(48,57,63,72,81) 2x1 rib for 1.5”
CuffC2: 2x1 rib for 1.5”. Adj st count on last rib rnd.
Leg yellow MC: Knit one round before pattern.
R1: K1, p1 around.
R2: Knit around.
R3: P1, k1 around.
R4: Knit around.
Rep until cuff and leg measures 4.5”, ending after R2or4.
Place afterthought marker as you work next rnd, continuing pat on instep and using Stockinette for sole.
ColorWork
Use US1 for cuff, heels and toes.gauge 9.5 spi
Use US2 for Colorwork. 9spi

Flea Footie
Need MC: 47(63, 86, 104, 128, 147)
CC CuffHeelToe: 20(24, 28; 32, 36, 40)y

Cuff color US1 CO 39(48,57,63,72,81) 2x1 ribbing 3/4”
MC, US2 work 3 rnds Stockinette before working one rep of chart.
Knit heel sts for planned heel.
Continue flea pat on instep and sole.
Toe color US1 work one round before starting decreases
to 16(20,24, 28, 32, 36) sts. Kitchener.
Heel. Place sts on US2. Work 3 rounds even before starting heel decreases same as toe.

Mustard Yellow Circles Colorwork w long cuff
Yellow 102(131, 158, 174, 199) y
natural: 68(89, 110, 132, 158)y
denim: 16(20, 24, 28, 32)y
Cuff: US1 blue2x1 ribbing for 2.5” adjust stitch number on last row ribbing
Leg US2 MC: work 2 rnds before starting chart. Do 4 rep and end on rnd6. Work one round MC and place marker in middle of heel sts. Cont on with foot.
Toe CC US1 work one rnd before decreases
Heel CC US1 work three rnds before decreases.

Scandinavian Bands
Natural 102(131,158,172,199)y
Blue 29,42,61,78,92)y
CO48(57,63,72,81)y
Cuff MC US1 2x1 for 3/4”
Leg MC US2 work two rnds before chart.
After chart A switch back to US1.
Work cuff and leg to 5” length.
Heel Flap and Gusset.
Foot band is 2” and want 1” btn Colorwork band and start of toe decreases. Take sock length minus toe length minus 2” band minus 1” spacing to determine when to start ChartB.
With saturated CC yarn and white MC, use color catcher in the sock bath.

Nordic Star
MC 133-203y; White 42-92yds; Red 18-33yds; Blue 22-46yds; Cuff yellow 37-83yds
CO 63 for both S&M and CO 81 for both L&XL but will work the Colorwork on leg and foot of Sand L with US1 to make smaller sock circumference.
Cuff Stripes are 6 rnds. Adj st # last rib rnd.(co inw,y,w,y)
Switch to US2 for M &L and work 2 rnds MC.
Work 4(5) rep ending with another rnd1-7. On R8 place Afterthought marker in middle heel stitches.

Cables
P1 or p2 btn rib k2 and cables
S(m,l,xl)
7(8, 9, 10)” ball of foot measurements (not sock meas)
Gauge 9.5 spi
CO 56(68, 76, 80)
Side Double Cable in Cuff:
Yardage 232(261)y
and at side of leg and cont single cable side of instep:
CO 62(70)and later adj 64&72 for leg
Cuff Set-up: C4, p2, k2 5(6) times, p2, c4, p1, c4, p2, k2 5(6) times, p2, c4, p1. Cable cross on R4. Work 2” ending after cable cross.
Leg Set-up to adjust sts count and change 2x2 ribbing sections to Stockinette: K4, p2 k21, m1, k1 p2, k4, p1, k4, p2, k21, m1, k1, p2, k4, p1. Work cuff and leg to 4”.

Cable and Rib All-Around:
Yardage 180(208,234,271)y
Cables draw in so instructions compensate by either increasing number of sts or work with larger needles.
CO more sts for M&L; use larger needles for S & XL.
US1 for M&L
US2 for S & XL
CO 56(68,76,80)Twisted rib for 1”
After CO, work set up, then work 4-rnd cable pattern:
Leg Set-up for 56:P1,k2,p1, c4, p1,k2,p1, c4, p1,k1,p1, c4, p1,k2,p1 twice.
Leg Set-up for 68:P1,k2,p2, c4, p2,k2,p2, c4, p2,k2,p2, c4, p2,k2,p1 twice.
Leg set up for 76: K1, p2, c4, p2, k2, p2, k2, p2, c4, p2, k2, p2, k2, p2, c4, p2, k1 Twice. Cuff and leg to 3”.
LegSet-up for 80: K1,p2, c4, p2k2,p2, c4, p2,k2,p2, c4, p2,k2,p2, c4, p2,k1 twice.
Rnds1,2,4: Same as leg Set-up.
Cable crossing on Rnd3 using C4B.
Rep 4-Rnd Cable for 3”.
Decreases for M & L only: Work across 34(38) sts in est cable pattern, k1, ssk, knit to last 3 sts, k2tog, k1. 66(74) sts.
All sizes follow Heel Flap instructions:
Work across instep in est cable then begin working back and forth on heel sts.

Honey Comb and Moss instep Footie
Yardage 134(151,176,201,229) y
CO 48(57,63,72,81) Cuff 2x1 ribbing for 3/4”
Work R1 and 5: of Honey/Moss pat around:
P1, k8, p1, (k1, p1) 8 times, p1, k8, p1, knit to EOR.
R2,4,6,8: substitute (P1,k1) 8 times. This is single moss or aka seed st.
R3: C4B,C4F……..C4B,C4F
R7: C4F,C4B………C4F,C4B
Work round 2 of honeycomb and moss st on first 36 sts and start heel flap back and forth on last 36 sts.
Heel flap 2.1/4” and st count 20. Gusset p/u 16 sts.
After both gussets p/u:88 sts
Work foot pat until tip of pinky toe.
Toe length 1.5” decrease to 20(24,28,32,36). Graft.

DK Cable sock leg to show above boots and surprise color for heel and foot when slipping boots off.
DK gauge 7.3 spi
DK CO 40(48, 56, 64)
CO56: (P1, s1, p1, k4) 8 times.
Cable is 6 rounds and C4B cross on 3rd round.
Work until leg and cuff are 5,5”
HF 2.5”, Gusset p/8.
Toe length 1.5” and decrease to 20(24,28,32) Graft

Boot cable Top Sock w Surprise Striped Footie DK
Ball of foot circumference: 7(8,9,10)”
Yardage: 96(118,132,156)y DK Brown Tweed MC
Heel flap & Stripes & Toe: 60(72,89,103)y pink DK
StripeCC2: 46(58,69,87)y red DK
MC CO: 40(48, 56, 64).
SR1,2,4,5,6: P1, sl1, p2, c4, p2, sl1, p2, c4, p2, sl1 twice.
Med R12456: P1, sl1, p1, c4, p1,sl1, p1, c4, p1, sl1, p1, c4,
P1, sl1, p1 twice.
Lg R12456: P1, sl1, p1, c4, p1, sl1, p1, c4, p1, sl1, p1, c4, p1, sl1, p1, c4, twice.
XL R12456: P1, c4, p2, sl1, p2, c4, p2, sl1, p2, c4, p2, sl1, p2, c4 twice.
Work cable crossing C4B on Round 3.
Rep the 6-rnd cable pattern for 6.5”. Break MC.
Done with cables rest is stripey Stockinette.
CC1 light pink for heel flap, stripes and toe.
Stripes CC1 for 4 rnds then CC2 for 4 rnds. Rep stripes.